Expanding the clinical spectrum of RNU4ATAC-opathies: More frequent and diverse than assumed

Biallelic variants in the minor spliceosomal gene RNU4ATAC were successively identified in Taybi-Linder/Microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type I, Roifman, and Lowry-Wood syndromes, which are characterized by variable microcephaly, short stature, neurodevelopmental impairment, skeletal dysplasia, and immunodeficiency. Two-thirds of the reported individuals present with Taybi-Linder syndrome, the first-described and most severe form.